Week 5 Human interaction with the system

[Eamonn]

Human interaction with the system

Learning Objectives To have understanding of the following

1.2.12 Define the term usability

1.2.13 Identify a range of usability problems with commonly used digital devices

1.2.14 Identify methods that can be used to improve the accessibility of systems

1.2.15 Identify a range of usability problems that can occur in a system.

1.2.16 Discuss the moral, ethical, social, economic and environmental implications of the interaction between humans and machines.

Review Activities

Link to SLIDES

1) Discuss the differences between usability and accessibility.

2) List 6 examples of assistive technology.

3) Select an operating system, example Windows 10 and describe the accessibility features for vision and hearing. Link for Windows 10, but you may choose a different operating system https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/accessibility/

4) What is neurodiversity?

5) Briefly describe some ways that the operating system sleceted in 3 above caters for neurodiversity.

6)Choose a device and identify a range of usability problems that can occur in that system. Device can be PCs, digital cameras,
cell phones, games consoles, MP3 players or other commonly used digital device

7) Select a system from ticketing, online payroll, scheduling, voice recognition. For selected system identify a range of usability problems
that can occur in your system.

8)For the moral, ethical, social, economic and environmental implications of the interaction between humans and machines. For each one briefly discuss the pros and cons

[ArinN_]

1) Discuss the differences between usability and accessibility.
– Usability is a measure of how well a user can use a product/design to achieve a goal effectively and efficiently while accessibility is how accessible a product or application is to a user.

2) List 6 examples of assistive technology.
– Magnifiers
– Text-to-Speech softwares
– Phones
– Personal hearing amplification system
– Reminder apps
– Audiobooks

3) Select an operating system, example Windows 10 and describe the accessibility features for vision and hearing. Link for Windows 10, but you may choose a different operating system https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/accessibility/
– Windows 10 support speech search, magnifier, brighter screen, narrator, dictation, and Windows Hello sign-in for those who live with dyslexia, seizures, autism, or other cognitive differences.

4) What is neurodiversity?
– Neurodivergent refers the an individual who has a less typical cognitive variation such as Autism, ADHD, dyslexia, dyspraxia etc.

5) Briefly describe some ways that the operating system selected in number 3 caters to neurodiversity.
– Windows 10 help constructing sentences with text suggestions, supports Fluent Sitka Small and Fluent Calibri fonts and other features which reduce visual crowding and make reading easier for people with dyslexia.

6)Choose a device and identify a range of usability problems that can occur in that system. Device can be PCs, digital cameras,
cell phones, games consoles, MP3 players or other commonly used digital device
– Cell phones:
– Mobile phones usually have small screens thus it is hard to see for some individuals.
– Blind people can’t look at screens.
– Calling on phones are useless for people with hearing disability.

7) Select a system from ticketing, online payroll, scheduling, voice recognition. For selected system identify a range of usability problems
that can occur in your system.
– Ticketing
– Usability Problem: Maybe inefficient and slow.

8)For the moral, ethical, social, economic and environmental implications of the interaction between humans and machines. For each one briefly discuss the pros and cons

Moral/ethical implications of the interaction between humans and machines:
– Robots and AI could be used in warfare, for example, drone attacks in Afghanistan, etc.
– Robots and AI could be used for criminal purposes
Social implications of the interaction between humans and machines:
– Less human-to-human interaction; not getting to meet people in the shop for example; rather, interact with robots instead
– More leisure time, since the robot is cleaning up the kitchen etc.
Economic implications of the interaction between humans and machines:
– A new area of manufacturing and business, and employees that go with that.
– Un-skilled and repetitive-task workers lose their jobs to robots
Environmental implications of the interaction between humans and machines:
– Carbon emissions through excessive travel could be lowered since much more can be done/made in the home by robots and 3d printers.

[Irfan]

Human interaction with the system

Learning Objectives To have understanding of the following

1.2.12 Define the term usability
How good a product can accomplish its intended objective.
1.2.13 Identify a range of usability problems with commonly used digital devices
-small screen
-little battery life
-short range of cellular connection
-unstable cellular connection
-low storage
-low RAM
1.2.14 Identify methods that can be used to improve the accessibility of systems
Options to make the screen brighter or invert colours etc. for individuals hard of seeing. And a text to speech reader option for individuals who cannot see whatsoever. And a braille keybaord can help them.
Options for sound transfer devices that transfer sounds to hearing aids for individuals hard of hearing. Or a sound tranfer device that turns sound into vibrations that can be sent to deaf individuals behind the year. Or a software option that turns sound to text for them to read.
For individuals hard of motor functions a option to use voice commands can help them. And a keybaord optimized to their needs.
1.2.15 Identify a range of usability problems that can occur in a system.
-slow moving/long wait time
-confusing to use
-unreliable
1.2.16 Discuss the moral, ethical, social, economic and environmental implications of the interaction between humans and machines.
Moral: It can be used to manpulate information and spread harmful information. Information spreads fatser which is great but so does other harmful ones.
Ethical: It can be used to get rid of jobs for people. The world has become mroe efficient with machines but now people whose job was to do be efficient are being lost to those machines.
Social: It can cause people to have less human itneraction which can prove detrimental to the human being. People can communicate long distances but overuse has proven dangerous to humans.
Economic: It can make the economy more efficient but also if the machien reports wrong info on the economy it can result in economic damage. It has resulted in up to date info coming but the system
Environmental: Electronics being left to landfills contain chemicals dangerous to the environment. A recycling system that properly recycles electronics is yet to be establshied.

Review Activities

Link to SLIDES

1) Discuss the differences between usability and accessibility.
Usability is about how effective a technology is for its intended purpose. Accessibility on the other hand is about how easy it for any individual to use it.
2) List 6 examples of assistive technology.
-word prediction while typing
-voice recognition software
-text to speech software
-invert colour option and other visual customization software
-real time caption software/ speech to text software
-magnification tools
3) Select an operating system, example Windows 10 and describe the accessibility features for vision and hearing. Link for Windows 10, but you may choose a different operating system https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/accessibility/
For linux mint its vision accessibility features are high contrast, larger text, screen reader and desktop zoom. There however doesn’t seem to be any for hearing.
4) What is neurodiversity?
The idea that people with different types of brains like for example people with autism, should be considered as a normal part of human life.
5) Briefly describe some ways that the operating system sleceted in 3 above caters for neurodiversity.
It is open source and can be modified by any user, so it opens up the abiltiy to isntall addons that make the OS optimized for their needs. Makign the OS cater to neurodiversity.
6)Choose a device and identify a range of usability problems that can occur in that system. Device can be PCs, digital cameras,
cell phones, games consoles, MP3 players or other commonly used digital device
game console
-battery life of controller
-stationary and cannot be moved anywhere
-limited buttons to type
-lack of microphone and camera
7) Select a system from ticketing, online payroll, scheduling, voice recognition. For selected system identify a range of usability problems
that can occur in your system.
scheduling
-reliable connectivity
-quick updating
-difficult to understand
-consistent appearance on all user accounts
8)For the moral, ethical, social, economic and environmental implications of the interaction between humans and machines. For each one briefly discuss the pros and cons
Moral: We know are able to communicate easier meaning information is harder to control. But it also means harmful information is also harder to control.
Ethical: Information can now be easily viewed so authoritarian regimes have a harder time stopping it. Which also means hwoever they can see who views a content they deem illegal.
Social: Humans can communicate long distances. However doing so using computers can have dterimental effects.
Economic: The world has become more efficient with computers. But that also means people who are supposed to make the world efficient are losing their jobs so the computers can do them.
Environmental: Computers have resulted in fewer trees cut. But that also means with the lack of a proper computer recycling system. Computers cna be dumped at areas where toxic chemicals leaking from them can harm the environemnt.

[Shiva Chandnani]

Review Activities

1) Discuss the differences between usability and accessibility.
– Usability refers to the potential the product has to accomplish its users’ goals, such as adding a screenshot feature to a device, etc. However, accessibility is referred to the potential to meet the needs of as many different types of individuals as possible, such as people with disabilities, etc.

2) List 6 examples of assistive technology.
– screen readers
– Braille keyboards
– Voice synthesizers
– speech to text
– closed captions
– screen magnifiers

3) Select an operating system, example Windows 10 and describe the accessibility features for vision and hearing. Link for Windows 10, but you may choose a different operating system https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/accessibility/
– on the operating system of IOS, the accessibility features for vision include Voiceover, Zoom, Audio descriptions, and Display and text size. for hearing-related accessibility features, they provide paring with hearing devices, Sound Recognition, Text to speech, and Subtitles & Captioning.

4) What is neurodiversity?
– it is the idea that people experience, interact with, and interpret the world in unique ways. It is a viewpoint that brain differences are normal, rather than deficits

5) Briefly describe some ways that the operating system selected in 3 above caters for neurodiversity.
– Apple IOS offers text suggestions, customizable accessibility shortcuts, and touch assists.

6) Choose a device and identify a range of usability problems that can occur in that system. Device can be PCs, digital cameras,
cell phones, games consoles, MP3 players or other commonly used digital device

Cell Phones
– short battery life
– too small words and icons that may be unreadable to the user
– speakers may not be loud enough to understand

7) Select a system from ticketing, online payroll, scheduling, voice recognition. For selected systems identify a range of usability problems
that can occur in your system.

Voice recognition (range of usability problems)
– limited dictionary in the voice recognition software
– the system won’t be able to understand people with a speech impediment
– the system may not be able to understand certain dialects/accents of a language.
– If the user is in an area will a lot of abient noise then the system may not be able to understand what the user is saying.

8)For the moral, ethical, social, economic, and environmental implications of the interaction between humans and machines. For each one briefly discuss the pros and cons
– Moral: We are able to communicate to more people through machines allowing us to learn more morals. A disadvantage to it is that there are chances of piracy taken by humans through machines.
– Ethical: people can share their opinions easier promoting free speech. However, there can be many cases of invasion of privacy since it is possible for third-party individuals to access private information illegally.
– Social: Increased Global Interaction and communication, However people are speaking to each other less face to face. People use technology as a distraction to socializing with people.
– Economic: The interaction has provided more jobs such as web designers. A disadvantage is that machines are also take away jobs from people such as cashiers and factory workers.
– Environmental: living a more digital life allows people to reduce the amount of fossils fuels burnt, for example, online shopping, working from home, teleconferencing limits a person’s travel and their fossils fuel consumption. A disadvantage is a fact that if more machines are used more energy is required to run them, thus more fossil fuels are burnt to leave the environment worst off.

[joshua7]

Review Activities

1) Discuss the differences between usability and accessibility.
– Usability means how easy the software is to use for a user. Accessibility means how well a disabled individual is able to use software/gadgets.

2) List 6 examples of assistive technology.
– Braille watch
– Eye tracker (using eyes as mouse)
– Speech to text
– Closed captions
– Hearing aids
– Image recognition

3) Select an operating system, example Windows 10 and describe the accessibility features for vision and hearing. Link for Windows 10, but you may choose a different operating system https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/accessibility/
– On android, there is a google camera which is meant to help recognize images using google AI assistant and read aloud what the object is. There is also a magnifying feature on android, both of which are meant to help with vision. For hearing issues, there are a text to text feature using google AI to help users with hearing disabilities to communicate with the google assistant and also includes closed captions on different apps.

4) What is neurodiversity?
–It refers to the variations in one’s experience, interaction with, and interpretation of the world in unique ways. It is a viewpoint that brain differences are normal, rather than deficits

5) Briefly describe some ways that the operating system selected in 3 above caters for neurodiversity.
– Apple’s Watch OS has a machine learning capability which learns the way we text, in order to suggest what we would likely say next in order to help users to type less. It also has a health feature which recognizes your health patterns and sleep patterns to suggest better workout routines or suggests bed times. It also studies the way you interact and displays the most used apps at the center for easier access.

6) Choose a device and identify a range of usability problems that can occur in that system. Device can be PCs, digital cameras, cell phones, games consoles, MP3 players or other commonly used digital device
Cell Phones
– Weak hardware and screen (cracks and breaks with multiple drops)
– Short battery life and sometimes long charge time
– Fails to backup regularly to cloud storage and also data losses sometimes while backing up

7) Select a system from ticketing, online payroll, scheduling, voice recognition. For selected systems identify a range of usability problems that can occur in your system.
Ticketing
– Delay response times leads to crashes that stops the users from reserving a specific seat
– When purchasing tickets, system glitches often lead to wrong seat assignments (suddenly changes)
– During payment process, credit cards are not always accepted
– Receipt of ticket may failed to be sent out

8)For the moral, ethical, social, economic, and environmental implications of the interaction between humans and machines. For each one briefly discuss the pros and cons
– Moral: People are more educated with machines allowing everyone equal education. However, these machine robots are also used in warfare to kill humans.
– Ethical: More information is available, especially on the web which makes information decentralized. However, there has been a large spread of fake news and information.
– Social: It has allowed people to be more connected at a global scale. However, cyber bullying and “influencers” have created negative impacts on the younger generations mental health.
– Economic: It has provided more jobs like software engineers, online content creators, etc. However, these machines have also been replacing jobs like cashiers and labor workers with robots and different gadgets which leads to loss of jobs for certain people.
– Environmental: It has helped us to use machines to promote more environmental campaigns but also new technology allows solutions to environmental issues, like a new machine that can suck out greenhouse gas from the atmosphere or recycling machines. However, it has caused us to use more energy to run technology, which increases fossil fuel consumption which ultimately leads to more pollution. Also E-waste has become a rising issue

[Sang]

1) Discuss the differences between usability and accessibility.
– Usability refers to how the software can be used in relation to its purpose and accessibility refers to the people who access to the system
2) List 6 examples of assistive technology.
– Screen reading software
– magnifiers
– braille displays
– text to speech
– closed captions
– voice recognition
3) Select an operating system, example Windows 10 and describe the accessibility features for vision and hearing. Link for Windows 10, but you may choose a different operating system https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/accessibility/
– Windows 10 provide narrator, magnifier, high contrast, closed captions, speech recognition.
4) What is neurodiversity?
– It is a viewpoint that brain differences are normal, rather than deficits
5) Briefly describe some ways that the operating system sleceted in 3 above caters for neurodiversity.
– Apple offers accessibility shortcuts, face id, and display most used app in the front for an easy access.
6)Choose a device and identify a range of usability problems that can occur in that system. Device can be PCs, digital cameras,
cell phones, games consoles, MP3 players or other commonly used digital device
– Cell phones
– Short battery
– No loud speakers
– The font size is limited
7) Select a system from ticketing, online payroll, scheduling, voice recognition. For selected system identify a range of usability problems
that can occur in your system.
Ticketing
– Delays due to crash
– due to crashes even if the user paid already, the system might say that its not paid yet
due to issue in the system the user might get a wrong seat
8)For the moral, ethical, social, economic and environmental implications of the interaction between humans and machines. For each one briefly discuss the pros and cons
– Moral: we communicate with people more and allow us to learn morals but on the other hand our privacy might be taken by others
– Ethical: We can learn more through the web but the disadvantage is that the problem with fake news
– Social: We can get more connected with people without meeting face to face and interact with many people but the disadvantage is that there are many bullies in the web which is a great problem till now
– Economic: It has provided increase in working for people but nowadays machines take up the space which decreases the employment
– Environmental: Like riding electric cars were a advantage to the environment but the disadvantage is that increase usage of machines has increased the usage of electricity

[Author]

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